What does the term "theme" refer to in literature?

The term "theme" in literature refers to the underlying message or lesson conveyed through the story. It encapsulates the broader ideas and insights that the author aims to communicate, which can relate to human nature, society, morality, or various life experiences. Themes are often universal concepts that resonate with readers beyond the specific events and characters of a narrative. For example, a story may explore themes of love, identity, sacrifice, or the struggle against injustice, allowing readers to reflect on these ideas and their relevance to their own lives.

The other options, while related to elements of storytelling, do not accurately define theme. A recurring plot device focuses more on narrative techniques rather than the overarching message. The character's journey pertains to character development rather than the thematic elements. Lastly, the structure of the narrative relates to how the story is organized rather than the messages it conveys.